Likhalase tsa mahlo, e leng boqapi bo tsotehang bo fetotseng bophelo ba batho ba limilione, li na le histori e ruileng le e tsotehang e bileng teng ka makholo a lilemo. Ho tloha qalong ea bona ea boemo bo tlaase ho isa mekhoeng e mecha ea sejoale-joale, a re ke re qaleng leeto le felletseng la ntlafatso ea likhalase tsa mahlo.
Tšimoloho ea Boholo-holo
Metso ea likhalase tsa mahlo e ka saloa morao ho tloha mehleng ea khale. Roma ea boholo-holo, hoo e ka bang lekholong la pele la lilemo AD, tšebeliso ea khalase ea ho hōlisa pono e ile ea ngoloa. Mokhoa ona oa pele oa ho hōlisa o ile oa rala motheo oa ho hlahisa likhalase tsa mahlo.
Khatelo-pele ea Medieval
Ke nakong ea mehleng ea boholo-holo moo likhalase tsa mahlo li ileng tsa qala ho bōpeha joalokaha re li tseba kajeno. Lekholong la bo13 la lilemo, moitlami oa Motaliana ea bitsoang Salvino D'Armate o tlotloa ka ho qapa likhalase tsa pele tse ka roaloang. Likhalase tsena tsa pele li ne li e-na le lilense tse peli tse khohlopo tse kopantsoeng hammoho ke foreime e lutseng borokhong ba nko. Li ne li sebelisoa haholo-holo ho lokisa pono e hōle, e leng bothata bo tloaelehileng ba ho bona.
Tsoelo-pele ea Renaissance
Nako ea Renaissance e bone tsoelo-pele e kholo lefapheng la optics le likhalase tsa mahlo. Lekholong la bo16 la lilemo, ho ile ha qalisoa lilense tse khoapo ho lokisa pono e haufi. Katleho ena e ile ea thusa batho ba nang le bokooa bo fapaneng ba pono ho rua molemo ka likhalase tsa mahlo.
Nakong ena, likhalase tsa mahlo li ile tsa boela tsa fetoha mokhoa oa feshene har'a batho ba phahameng. Liforeimi tse entsoeng ka tšepe ea bohlokoa, tse kang khauta le silevera, tse khabisitsoeng ka litšoantšo tse rarahaneng, li ile tsa fetoha letšoao la leruo le boemo.
Phetoho ea Liindasteri le Tlhahiso ea Boipheliso
Phetoho ea Liindasteri lekholong la bo18 la lilemo e ile ea tlisa phetoho e khōlō tlhahisong ea likhalase tsa mahlo. Ka ho qaleha ha mechine le mekhoa ea ho hlahisa ka bongata, likhalase tsa mahlo li ile tsa e-ba theko e tlaase le tse fumanehang ho baahi ba bangata. Kenyelletso ea liforeimi tsa tšepe le bokhoni ba ho etsa lilense ka libopeho le boholo bo fapaneng li ile tsa eketsa likhetho tse fumanehang ho ba roala likhalase tsa mahlo.
Ho eketseha ha Optometry
Lekholong la 19th, tšimo ea optometry e ile ea hlaha, e lebisa tlhokomelo ho saense ea ho lokisa pono. Lingaka tsa mahlo li phethile karolo ea bohlokoa ho faneng ka likhalase tsa mahlo le ho li kenya, ho netefatsa hore batho ba fumana lilense tse loketseng litlhoko tsa bona tse ikhethang tsa pono. Mosebetsi ona oa botsebi oa ho kenya likhalase tsa mahlo le lengolo la ngaka e ile ea e-ba mohato oa bohlokoa ho hlahisoeng ha likhalase tsa mahlo.
Mekhoa e Mecha ea Kajeno
Lekholo la bo20 la lilemo le hlahisitse mekhoa e mengata e mecha ea likhalase tsa mahlo. Mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1900, ho hlahisoa ha liforeimi tsa polasetiki ho ile ha fetola indasteri. Liforeimi tsena tse bobebe le tse tšoarellang li nkile sebaka sa liforeimi tsa tšepe tse tloaelehileng, tse fanang ka matšeliso a maholo le likhetho tsa setaele.
Bohareng ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, nts'etsopele ea lilense tse tsoelang pele e ile ea fana ka phetoho e se nang moeli pakeng tsa libaka tse fapaneng tsa pono, ho felisa tlhoko ea likhalase tse ngata tsa likhalase. Ho feta moo, tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa lense tse tsoetseng pele, tse kang polycarbonate le lipolasetiki tsa index e phahameng, li ile tsa fella ka lilense tse tšesaane le tse bobebe, tse matlafatsang boiketlo le botle bo botle.
Lilense tsa Kopano le Opereishene ea Laser
Karolong e qetellang ea lekholo la bo20 la lilemo ho bile le ho ata ha mekhoa e meng ea ho lokisa pono, e kang lilense tsa mahlo le ho buuoa ka laser. Lilense tsa ho ikopanya li fane ka khetho e sa tsitsang bakeng sa ba lakatsang ho qoba ho roala likhalase tsa mahlo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho buuoa ka laser ho fane ka tharollo ea ka ho sa feleng mathateng a pono ka ho fetola cornea.
Le hoja mekhoa ena e meng e ile ea tuma, likhalase tsa mahlo li ile tsa lula e le mokhoa o sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa le o bonolo oa ho lokisa pono ka lebaka la boiketlo ba tsona ba ho sebelisoa, ho khoneha, le tlhaho e sa hlaseleng.
Menyetla ea Bokamoso
Ha re ntse re shebile bokamoso, indasteri ea likhalase tsa mahlo e ntse e tsoela pele ho fetoha. Ho kopanngoa ha theknoloji ka likhalase tsa mahlo ho ntse ho ata haholo. Likhalase tse bohlale, tse nang le bokhoni bo matlafalitsoeng ba 'nete, li ntse li ntlafatsoa ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba rona ba letsatsi le letsatsi, tse fanang ka likarolo tse kang pontšo ea tlhaiso-leseling ea nako ea nnete le puisano e se nang matsoho.
Tsoelo-pele ea mahlale a thepa e ka etsa hore ho be le liforeimi tse bobebe le tse tšoarellang haholoanyane, e leng ho etsang hore likhalase tsa mahlo li be bonolo le ho feta ho roala. Ho feta moo, tšebeliso ea nanotechnology e na le monyetla oa ho iketsetsa lilense tse ikamahanyang le maemo a mabone a fetohang, ho fana ka pono e nepahetseng ka linako tsohle.
Qetellong, ho iphetola ha likhalase tsa mahlo ke bopaki ba boqapi ba batho le takatso ea ho ntlafatsa liphihlelo tsa rona tsa pono. Ho tloha tšimolohong ea tsona ea boholo-holo ho fihlela tsoelo-peleng ea kajeno, likhalase tsa mahlo li tsoa hōle. Ha thekenoloji e ntse e hatela pele, re ka lebella likhatelopele tse ling tse tla ntlafatsa pono ea rona le ho ntlafatsa maphelo a limilione lefatšeng ka bophara.
Nako ea poso: Nov-03-2023